圓錐孔軸承可以直接安裝在錐形軸頸上，也可以用緊定套拆卸套作為中介，安裝在圓柱形軸頸上，但是不論在何種情況下，圓錐孔內(nèi)圈的過(guò)盈量可根據(jù)SKF軸承游隙的減小量來(lái)測(cè)定。
Tapered bore bearings can be mounted directly on the tapered journal, or can be mounted on the cylindrical journal with the tightening sleeve removal sleeve as an intermediary, but in any case, the interference of the inner ring of the tapered bore can be measured according to the reduction of the clearance of SKF bearings.
徑向游隙減小量即SKF軸承在安裝前和安裝后的徑向游隙之差。在安裝前先要測(cè)知SKF軸承的原始徑向游隙，安裝時(shí)要頻頻測(cè)量游隙，直至達(dá)到與理想的過(guò)盈量相對(duì)應(yīng)的徑向游隙減小量
The reduction of radial clearance is the difference between the radial clearance of SKF bearing before installation and after installation. The original radial clearance of SKF bearings should be measured before installation, and the clearance should be measured frequently during installation until the reduction of radial clearance corresponding to the ideal interference is achieved.
徑向游隙減小量的測(cè)量也可用SKF軸承在錐形軸頸上的推進(jìn)量的測(cè)量來(lái)代替。對(duì)于1：12的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)錐度，徑向游隙減小量約相當(dāng)于軸向推進(jìn)量的1／15，在此比例下，對(duì)于實(shí)心軸而言，配合面的過(guò)盈量只有75％——85％起到使內(nèi)圈擴(kuò)張的作用。
The measurement of radial clearance reduction can also be replaced by the measurement of the thrust of the SKF bearing on the conical journal. For the 1:12 standard taper, the radial clearance reduction is about 1/15 of the axial thrust, in this ratio, for the solid shaft, only 75%-85% interference of the mating surface plays the role of expanding the inner ring.
大型球面滾子SKF軸承和圓柱滾子軸承的徑向游隙減小量通常用塞尺測(cè)量，注意對(duì)球面滾子SKF軸承必須分別從兩個(gè)端面測(cè)量?jī)闪袧L子處的徑向游隙，只有兩列滾子處的游隙值相同時(shí)，才能保證內(nèi)圈與外圈相對(duì)正。
The radial clearance reduction of large spherical roller SKF bearings and cylindrical roller bearings is usually measured with a plunger. It should be noted that the radial clearance at two rows of roller must be measured from two end faces for spherical roller SKF bearings. only when the clearance values at two rows of roller are the same can the inner ring and outer ring be relatively positive.
小型的圓錐孔SKF軸承因其徑向游隙太小而不能使用塞尺測(cè)量，可用千分表接觸軸或SKF軸承座來(lái)測(cè)量推進(jìn)時(shí)的提升量，此時(shí)注重的是徑向游隙量的變化，對(duì)滾動(dòng)體和滾道的彈性變形就不加考慮了，推動(dòng)SKF軸承或軸承座時(shí)所用的力，與它們的重量應(yīng)大致相當(dāng)。
Small tapered hole SKF bearings can not be measured with a plug because of their small radial clearance. They can be measured with a dial contact shaft or SKF bearing pedestal. At this point, the change of radial clearance is emphasized, and the elastic deformation of the roller and raceway is neglected. The force used to propel the SKF bearing or bearing pedestal is ignored. They should be roughly equivalent to their weight.
大型SKF軸承在裝進(jìn)拆卸套時(shí)，，既可大大省力，又特別適合于地位受限制不能使用大的鉤扳手的場(chǎng)合。具體操作是：將淬硬的襯墊S置于拆卸套的端部，將螺母M輕輕旋緊，再將沿圓周均布的淬硬螺栓K均勻地?cái)Q緊，直至獲得所需的游隙減小量。由于拆卸套靠其錐形面的摩擦而自鎖，所以即使取下壓緊裝置也不致松脫，這樣可以放心地取下壓緊螺母M，改用固定螺母來(lái)代替，而將拆卸套壓緊。
Large SKF bearings can save a lot of labor when loading and disassembling sleeves, and are especially suitable for the occasions where large hook wrenches can not be used when the position is limited. The specific operation is: the hardened gasket S is placed at the end of the disassembly sleeve, the nut M is gently tightened, and then the hardened bolt K distributed uniformly along the circumference is tightened evenly until the required clearance reduction is achieved. Because the removal sleeve is self-locking due to friction on its conical surface, even if the compression device is removed, the compression nut M can be safely removed, replaced by a fixed nut, and the removal sleeve can be compressed.
在安裝時(shí)必須在退卸套的配合面上涂上極薄一層潤(rùn)滑油，以減少摩擦，方便安裝。但注意絕不可涂油較厚，否則會(huì)使拆卸套失去自鎖能力，當(dāng)取下壓緊螺釘和螺母以換裝固定螺母時(shí)，拆卸套會(huì)隨之松動(dòng)而偏離調(diào)定位置，造成安裝失誤。
In order to reduce friction and facilitate installation, a thin layer of lubricating oil must be applied on the mating surface of the back-off sleeve. Nevertheless, it must not be coated with thick oil, otherwise the disassembly sleeve will lose its self-locking ability. When the compression screw and nut are removed to replace the fixed nut, the disassembly sleeve will loose and deviate from the adjusting position, resulting in installation errors.
此外，在工作過(guò)程中潤(rùn)滑劑會(huì)逐漸從配合縫隙中被擠出或逸出，致使SKF軸承原先的過(guò)盈配合變得松動(dòng)。
In addition, lubricant will gradually be extruded or escaped from the mating gap during the working process, resulting in the original interference fit of SKF bearing become loose.
當(dāng)拆下已裝SKF軸承再將其安裝于軸頸時(shí)，不能照原樣地將螺母擰至原位，因?yàn)镾KF軸承系統(tǒng)經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間工作以后，原配合已變松，這是由于螺紋漸漸松動(dòng)，配合面受壓而有一定永久變形，并因摩擦而有一定磨損的原因。在此情況下，必須在安裝時(shí)重新測(cè)量其徑向游隙減小量、軸向推進(jìn)量或擴(kuò)張值。
When the SKF bearing is removed and installed in the journal, the nut can not be screwed to its original position, because the SKF bearing system after a long period of work, the original fit has become loose, this is due to the gradual loosening of the thread, the contact surface pressure and a certain permanent deformation, and because of friction and wear. In this case, the radial clearance reduction, axial thrust or expansion must be re-measured during installation.
對(duì)于大型SKF軸承，如采用液壓安裝方法，安裝時(shí)省力而快捷，拆卸時(shí)更為方便。
For large SKF bearings, such as the use of hydraulic installation method, the installation of labor-saving and fast, more convenient disassembly.
對(duì)于所有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的拆卸套和帶螺紋軸端還可使用活塞式液壓螺母將SKF軸承裝在錐形軸頸上，或?qū)⒉鹦短讐喝雸A柱形軸頸的預(yù)定位置上。活塞式液壓螺母的構(gòu)成及其工作原理是：借助手動(dòng)油泵通過(guò)高壓軟管將壓力油壓入油缸(螺母)，油缸以其內(nèi)螺紋固定在帶螺紋軸端上，活塞的外伸端推壓在SKF軸承內(nèi)圈的端面上，壓力油驅(qū)動(dòng)活塞將SKF軸承推著沿錐形軸頸前進(jìn)，根據(jù)管道中的油壓表的壓力，可以大致判斷SKF軸承的推進(jìn)量。
For all standard removal sleeves and threaded shaft ends, SKF bearings can also be mounted on tapered journals using piston hydraulic nuts, or the removal sleeves can be pressed into cylindrical journals in a pre-positioned position. The composition and working principle of the piston hydraulic nut are as follows: the pressure oil is pressed into the cylinder (nut) by means of a manual oil pump through a high-pressure hose, the cylinder is fixed on the end of the shaft with a thread by its internal thread, the piston's extension end is pushed on the end surface of the SKF bearing inner ring, and the pressure oil drives the piston to push the SKF bearing forward along the tapered journal, and the root is pushed forward. According to the pressure of the oil pressure gauge in the pipeline, the propulsion amount of the SKF bearing can be roughly judged.
對(duì)于富有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的SKF軸承安裝人員而言，用手試轉(zhuǎn)SKF軸承以感知其運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)靈活性，也可控制SKF軸承的過(guò)盈量而不需用儀表測(cè)量，這對(duì)于小型的圓錐孔軸承的安裝尤其是這樣，但要經(jīng)過(guò)嚴(yán)格考驗(yàn)確有把握時(shí)才可實(shí)行，并且不得有萬(wàn)一的疏忽。
For experienced SKF bearings installers, manually rotating SKF bearings to perceive their operational flexibility can also control the interference of SKF bearings without instrumentation. This is especially true for the installation of small tapered bore bearings, but it can only be carried out after rigorous testing and assurance, and must not be in case Negligence.