NSK調(diào)心球軸承失效的原因往往是多因素的，所有設(shè)計(jì)制造過程的影響因素都會與軸承的失效有關(guān)，分析起來不易判斷。在一般情況下，大體上可以從使用因素和內(nèi)在因素兩方面考慮和分析。
The failure of NSK aligning ball bearing is often caused by many factors. All the factors affecting the design and manufacture process will be related to the failure of the bearing, which is difficult to judge. Generally speaking, it can be considered and analyzed from two aspects: the use factor and the internal factor.
使用因素主要是指安裝調(diào)整、使用保養(yǎng)、維護(hù)修理等是否符合技術(shù)要求。安裝條件是使用因素中的首要因素之一，軸承往往因安裝不合適而導(dǎo)致整套軸承各零件之間的受力狀態(tài)發(fā)生變化，NSK調(diào)心球軸承在不正常的狀態(tài)下運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)并提早失效。根據(jù)軸承安裝、使用、維護(hù)、保養(yǎng)的技術(shù)要求，對運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)中的軸承所承受的載荷、轉(zhuǎn)速、工作溫度、振動、噪聲和潤滑條件進(jìn)行監(jiān)控和檢查，發(fā)現(xiàn)異常立即查找原因，進(jìn)行調(diào)整，使其恢復(fù)正常。此外，對潤滑脂質(zhì)量和周圍介質(zhì)、氣氛進(jìn)行分析檢驗(yàn)也很重要。
The use factors mainly refer to installation adjustment, use maintenance, maintenance and repair, etc. Installation condition is one of the most important factors in the use of bearings, often due to improper installation of bearings lead to the whole set of bearing parts between the stress state changes, NSK alignment ball bearings in abnormal operation and early failure. According to the technical requirements of bearing installation, use, maintenance and maintenance, the load, rotational speed, working temperature, vibration, noise and lubrication conditions of the bearing in operation are monitored and checked, and the causes of abnormalities are immediately found and adjusted to make it return to normal. In addition, it is also important to analyze the quality of grease and the surrounding medium and atmosphere.
內(nèi)在因素主要是指結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、制造工藝和材料質(zhì)量等決定軸承質(zhì)量的三大因素。
Internal factors mainly refer to the structural design, manufacturing process and material quality of the three factors that determine the quality of bearings.
首先，結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)合理的同時(shí)具備有先進(jìn)性，才會有較長的軸承壽命。軸承的制造一般要經(jīng)過鍛造、熱處理、車削、磨削和裝配等多道加工工序。各加工工藝的合理性、先進(jìn)性、穩(wěn)定性也會影響到軸承的壽命。其中影響成品軸承質(zhì)量的熱處理和磨削加工工序，往往與軸承的失效有著更直接的關(guān)系。近年來對軸承工作表面變質(zhì)層的研究表明，磨削工藝與軸承表面質(zhì)量的關(guān)系密切。
First of all, the reasonable design and advanced nature of the structure will lead to longer bearing life. The manufacturing of bearings is usually done through forging, heat treatment, turning, grinding and assembling. The rationality, advancement and stability of each processing technology will also affect the life of bearings. The heat treatment and grinding processes that affect the quality of finished bearings are often more directly related to the failure of bearings. In recent years, the research on the deteriorating layer of bearing working surface shows that the grinding technology is closely related to the bearing surface quality.
NSK調(diào)心球軸承材料的冶金質(zhì)量曾經(jīng)是影響滾動軸承早期失效的主要因素。隨著冶金技術(shù)（例如軸承鋼的真空脫氣等）的進(jìn)步，原材料質(zhì)量得到改善。原材料質(zhì)量因素在軸承失效分析中所占的比重已經(jīng)明顯下降，但它仍然是軸承失效的主要影響因素之一。選材是否得當(dāng)仍然是軸承失效分析必須考慮的因素。
The metallurgical quality of NSK aligning ball bearing material was the main factor affecting the early failure of rolling bearings. With the progress of metallurgical Technology (such as vacuum degassing of bearing steel), the quality of raw materials has been improved. The proportion of raw material quality factors in bearing failure analysis has been significantly reduced, but it is still one of the main factors affecting bearing failure. Proper selection is still a factor to be considered in bearing failure analysis.
NSK調(diào)心球軸承失效分析的主要任務(wù)，就是根據(jù)大量的背景材料、分析數(shù)據(jù)和失效形式，找出造成軸承失效的主要因素，以便有針對性地提出改進(jìn)措施，延長軸承的服役期，避免軸承發(fā)生突發(fā)性的早期失效。
The main task of failure analysis of NSK aligning ball bearings is to find out the main factors causing bearing failure according to a large number of background materials, analysis data and failure forms, so as to put forward improvement measures to prolong the service life of bearings and avoid sudden early failure of bearings.